You may have popped the band. It was common in the '70's trucks, but not so mush nowadays. I broke a bunch of them.
To check you need to pull the pan. Just look up at the back edge of the pan and you can see the band, make sure both ends are connected. One goes to the adjuster, and the other has a flat bar between the band and the servo piston.
It may also be something else entirely, does the shifter feel normal? Maybe go thru the gears again and feel the detents and wait a second to see if it kicks in.